Cooling and heat removal, in the data center and at the enclosure level, have quickly become the most critical factors in data centers. With the exponential increase in deployed servers, heat loads have almost quadrupled in the last seven years, leaving today’s facilities unable to remove such high levels of waste heat. Earlier facilities were designed to support loads of 50 to 100 watts/sq ft, today’s facilities need to support up to 200 watts/sq ft and more.